常見的低壓配電柜、高壓配電柜其實并不是單單指配電柜本身，它實際上是我們俗稱的成套設備，其實這種叫法是不準確的，學名應該是“成套配電裝置”。那么什么是成套配電裝置，它有哪些特點呢?什么是“成套配電裝置”?成套配電裝置是以斷路器為主的電氣設備;成套配電裝置是制造廠成套供應的設備，由制造廠預先按照主接線的要求，將每一回路的電氣設備高低壓電器(包括控制電器、保護電器、測量電器、如斷路器、隔離開關、互感器等)以及母線、載流導體、絕緣子等，裝配在封閉或半封閉的金屬柜中，構成各單元電路分柜，此單元電路分柜成為成套配電裝置。安裝時，按主接線方式，將各單元分柜(又稱間隔)組合起來，就構成整個配電裝置。在電器成套設備中把母線、隔離開關(高壓)、刀開關(低壓)、斷路器(空氣開關)、電壓互感器、電流互感器、電力變壓器、交流接觸器、保護繼電器(熱繼電器)、避雷器等組成的設備叫一次設備。由它們按照原理關系所組成的回路稱為一次回路或一次方案圖。

　　The common low-voltage distribution cabinet and high-voltage distribution cabinet actually refer not only to the distribution cabinet itself, but also to what we commonly call a complete set of equipment. In fact, this term is inaccurate, and the scientific name should be "complete set of distribution equipment". So what is a complete set of power distribution equipment and what are its characteristics? What is a 'complete power distribution device'? A complete power distribution system is an electrical equipment mainly composed of circuit breakers; A complete set of power distribution equipment is a set of equipment supplied by a manufacturing plant. The manufacturer pre assembles the high and low voltage electrical equipment (including control appliances, protection appliances, measuring appliances, such as circuit breakers, isolating switches, transformers, etc.), busbars, current carrying conductors, insulators, etc. of each circuit in a closed or semi closed metal cabinet according to the requirements of the main wiring, forming each unit circuit cabinet. This unit circuit cabinet becomes a complete set of power distribution equipment. When installing, according to the main wiring method, the various unit cabinets (also known as intervals) are combined to form the entire power distribution device. The equipment composed of busbars, isolating switches (high voltage), knife switches (low voltage), circuit breakers (air switches), voltage transformers, current transformers, power transformers, AC contactors, protective relays (thermal relays), lightning arresters, etc. in electrical equipment sets is called primary equipment. The circuit composed of them according to their principle relationship is called a primary circuit or a primary scheme diagram.

　　為了使一次系統能可靠、穩定地運行，隨時監視一次系統運行狀態，同時能隨時控制一次系統所必須配備許多其他電器元件及設備。如：測量儀表(電流表、電壓表、功率因素表、功率表、頻率表等)、控制信號元件(信號燈、按鈕、轉換開關等)、繼電保護裝置等。由它們按照原理關系所組成的回路稱為二次回路或二次方案圖。

　　In order to ensure the safe, reliable, and stable operation of a primary system, it is necessary to monitor the system's operating status at any time and control it at any time by equipping it with many other electrical components and equipment. Such as measuring instruments (ammeter, voltmeter, power factor meter, power meter, frequency meter, etc.), control signal components (signal lights, buttons, universal transfer switches, etc.), relay protection devices, etc. The circuit composed of them according to their principle relationship is called a secondary circuit or a secondary scheme diagram.

　　成套設備主要分為：0.4kV、0.69kV、1.2kV低壓開關柜;3.6kV、7.2kV、12kV、24kV中壓開關柜(目前發展趨勢)、40.5kV高壓開關柜，動力箱(柜)、照明箱、控制箱(柜、臺)、保護屏、直流屏等。

　　The complete set of equipment is mainly divided into: 0.4kV, 0.69kV, 1.2kV low-voltage switchgear; 3.6kV, 7.2kV, 12kV, 24kV medium voltage switchgear (current development trend), 40.5kV high voltage switchgear, power box (cabinet), lighting box, control box (cabinet, platform), protection screen, DC screen, etc.

　　高壓開關設備：主要用于發電、輸電、配電和電能轉換的高壓開關以及和控制、測量、保護裝置、電氣聯結(母線)、外殼、支持件等組成的總稱。

　　High voltage switchgear: a general term for high-voltage switches mainly used for power generation, transmission, distribution, and energy conversion, as well as control, measurement, protection devices, electrical connections (busbars), enclosures, supports, and other components.

　　開關柜防護要求中的“五防”：

　　The "five protections" in the protection requirements for switchgear:

　　防止誤分誤合斷路器防止帶電分合隔離開關防止帶電合接地開關防止帶接地分合斷路器防止誤入帶電間隔。

　　Prevent accidental opening and closing of circuit breakers, prevent energized opening and closing of isolation switches, prevent energized closing of grounding switches, prevent grounded opening and closing of circuit breakers, and prevent accidental entry into energized compartments.

　　護等級：外殼、隔板及其他部分防止人體接近帶電部分和觸及運動部件以及防止外部物體侵入內部設備的保護程度。

　　Protection level: The degree of protection provided by the shell, partition, and other parts to prevent human access to live parts and moving parts, as well as to prevent external objects from entering internal equipment.

　　成套配電裝置的特點1、成套設備有金屬外殼(柜體)的保護，電氣設備和載流導體不易積灰，便于維護，特別是對外處的污穢地區時更為突出。

　　Characteristics of complete power distribution equipment: 1. The complete equipment is protected by a metal shell (cabinet), which makes electrical equipment and current carrying conductors less prone to dust accumulation and easier to maintain, especially in areas with external pollution.

　　2、成套設備易于實現系列化、標準化、具有裝配質量好、速度快、運行可靠性高的特點。由于進行定型設計和制作生產，所以其結構緊湊、布局合理、縮小了體積和占地面積，降低了造價。

　　2. The complete set of equipment is easy to achieve serialization, standardization, and has the characteristics of good assembly quality, fast speed, and high operational reliability. Due to standardized design and production, its structure is compact, layout is reasonable, volume and footprint are reduced, and cost is lowered.

　　3、成套設備的電器安裝、線路敷設與變配室的施工是分開進行的，縮短了基建的時間。

　　3. The electrical installation, line laying, and construction of the transformer room for the complete set of equipment are carried out separately, which shortens the construction time.

　　產品型號主要有如下三大類：

　　There are three main types of product models:

　　1、低壓類：PGL(不使用)、GGD(可靠且性價比高，所以被廣泛應用)、BFC(不使用)、GCL(K)(不使用)、GBD、GCS(森源設計)、MNS(ABB技術);

　　1. Low voltage category: PGL (not recommended), GGD (safe, reliable, and cost-effective, therefore widely used), BFC (not recommended), GCL (K) (not recommended), GBD, GCS (Senyuan Design), MNS (ABB Technology);

　　護等級：外殼、隔板及其他部分防止人體接近帶電部分和觸及運動部件以及防止外部物體侵入內部設備的保護程度。

　　Protection level: The degree of protection provided by the shell, partition, and other parts to prevent human access to live parts and moving parts, as well as to prevent external objects from entering internal equipment.

　　成套配電裝置的特點1、成套設備有金屬外殼(柜體)的保護，電氣設備和載流導體不易積灰，便于維護，特別是對外處的污穢地區時更為突出。

　　Characteristics of complete power distribution equipment: 1. The complete equipment is protected by a metal shell (cabinet), which makes electrical equipment and current carrying conductors less prone to dust accumulation and easier to maintain, especially in areas with external pollution.

　　2、成套設備易于實現系列化、標準化、具有裝配質量好、速度快、運行可靠性高的特點。由于進行定型設計和制作生產，所以其結構緊湊、布局合理、縮小了體積和占地面積，降低了造價。

　　2. The complete set of equipment is easy to achieve serialization, standardization, and has the characteristics of good assembly quality, fast speed, and high operational reliability. Due to standardized design and production, its structure is compact, layout is reasonable, volume and footprint are reduced, and cost is lowered.

　　3、成套設備的電器安裝、線路敷設與變配室的施工是分開進行的，縮短了基建的時間。

　　3. The electrical installation, line laying, and construction of the transformer room for the complete set of equipment are carried out separately, which shortens the construction time.

　　產品型號主要有如下三大類：

　　There are three main types of product models:

　　低壓類：PGL(不使用)、GGD(可靠且性價比高，所以被廣泛應用)、BFC(不使用)、GCL(K)(不使用)、GBD、GCS(森源設計)、MNS(ABB技術);

　　Low voltage category: PGL (not recommended), GGD (safe, reliable, and cost-effective, therefore widely used), BFC (not recommended), GCL (K) (not recommended), GBD, GCS (Senyuan Design), MNS (ABB Technology);

　　2、中高壓類：GG-1A(F)(不使用)、XGN2-12(不使用)、KYN1-12(不使用)、JYN2,6-12(不使用)、HXGN-12(F)、XGN15-12(SF6)、KYN18-12、KYN28-12(目前市場上主流產品)、KYN□-24(正在成為發展趨勢)、JYN1-40.5(不使用)、XGN□(JGN□)-40.5(不使用)、KYN61-40.5(目前市場上主流產品)、KYN96-40.5;

　　2. Medium and high voltage category: GG-1A (F) (not recommended), XGN2-12 (not recommended), KYN1-12 (not recommended) JYN2, 6-12 (not recommended), HXGN-12 (F), XGN15-12 (SF6), KYN18-12, KYN28-12 (currently mainstream products in the market), KYN □ -24 (becoming a development trend), JYN1-40.5 (not recommended), XGN □ (JGN □) -40.5 (not recommended), KYN61-40.5 (currently mainstream products in the market) KYN96-40.5;

　　3、箱變類：YBM□-12(24、40.5)/0.4、ZGS9(11)-12(40.5)/0.4、10KV中壓開關站、35KV高壓開關站。成套配電設備的組成1、一二次元器件;

　　3. Box type transformer: YBM □ -12 (24, 40.5)/0.4, ZGS9 (11) -12 (40.5)/0.4, 10KV medium voltage switchgear, 35KV high voltage switchgear. Price composition of complete power distribution equipment 1. Price of primary and secondary components;

　　2、輔材，包括：二次線、端子、線鼻、線夾、繞線管、號碼管、字碼、扎帶、標準件等;

　　2. The prices of auxiliary materials include: secondary wires, terminals, wire noses, wire clamps, winding tubes, number tubes, character codes, zip ties, standard parts, etc;

　　3、母排，母排用量按一次方案圖預算;

　　3. The price of the busbar and the amount of busbar used are budgeted based on a single plan diagram;

　　4、殼體，比如：GGD：1800.00元/臺;KYN28-12：6500.00元/臺;HXGN-12：2500.00元/臺;KYN61-40.5：16500.00元/臺;GCK、GCS、MNS需按一次方案由殼體廠家進行報價;箱式變電站、非標箱(柜)按箱體尺寸計算。

　　4. Shell price, for example: GGD: 1800.00 yuan/unit; KYN28-12:6500.00 yuan/unit; HXGN-12:2500.00 yuan/unit; KYN61-40.5: 16500.00 yuan/unit; GCK, GCS, and MNS need to be quoted by professional shell manufacturers according to a one-time plan; Box type substations and non-standard boxes (cabinets) are calculated based on the size of the box body.

　　5、包裝及運輸費用;

　　5. Packaging and transportation costs;

　　6、企業綜合費用，包括管理費、人工工資、稅金及利潤等;

　　6. Enterprise comprehensive expenses, including management fees, labor wages, taxes, and profits;

　　7、其它費用，比如投標時若中標需向招標公司交納一定的費用。報價過程及應注意事項1、對圖紙進行的消化：

　　7. Other expenses, such as paying a certain fee to the bidding company if winning the bid. Quotation process and precautions: 1. Thoroughly digest the drawings:

　　根據用戶提供的圖紙，將圖紙的目錄進行

　　Based on the drawings provided by the user, first create a table of contents for the drawings

　　核對、然后分配歸類。按照圖紙設計說明及技術要求(對有招標文件而言，還需結合招標文件技術要求)理解本工程的設計意圖，考慮核算可變方案所需的，同時應重視平面布置圖(平面布置圖上反映柜與柜之間有無母線橋架及母線橋架長度)。

　　Verify and then assign categories. Understand the design intention of this project according to the design specifications and technical requirements (for those with bidding documents, it is also necessary to combine the technical requirements of the bidding documents), consider calculating the price required for variable schemes, and pay attention to the floor plan (which reflects whether there is a busbar bridge between cabinets and the length of the busbar bridge).

　　2、相關注意事項：(1)就高壓柜而言，為了滿足五防要求，進線柜需配帶電顯示器(強制型：DXN-10、24/35Q)及電磁鎖，出線柜需配帶電顯示器(提示型：DXN-10/35T)及接地開關聯鎖裝置。

　　2. Related precautions: (1) For high-voltage cabinets, in order to meet the five prevention requirements, incoming cabinets need to be equipped with live displays (mandatory type: DXN-10, 24/35Q) and electromagnetic locks, while outgoing cabinets need to be equipped with live displays (prompt type: DXN-10/35T) and grounding switch interlocking devices.

　　(2)兩路電源進線時考慮備自投裝置，兩路電源進線與母聯之間考慮電氣及機械聯鎖裝置(三合兩)。

　　(2) When two power sources are connected, a backup automatic switching device should be considered, and electrical and mechanical interlocking devices (three in two) should be considered between the two power sources and the busbar.

　　(3)六氟化硫環網柜與KYN28-12中置柜一般需配溫濕度控制器及加熱器。

　　(3) Sulfur hexafluoride ring main unit and KYN28-12 central cabinet generally require temperature and humidity controllers and heaters.

　　(4)對相間及相間對地距離不能滿足帶電要求時需采取母排硫化處理或采用異形母排或母排套熱縮套管，接頭也應用絕緣罩包覆。

　　(4) When the distance between phases and between phases to ground cannot meet the requirements for electrification, busbar vulcanization treatment or the use of irregular busbars or busbar sleeves with heat shrink tubing should be adopted, and the joints should also be covered with insulation covers.

　　(5)了解低壓塑殼斷路器附件的意義，如下表：

　　(5) Understand the significance of accessories for low-voltage molded case circuit breakers, as shown in the table below:

　　(6)了解低壓抽出式開關柜結構(抽屜柜抽屜安裝總有效高度≤1800.00mm)，詳見下表：注：1、以常用塑殼斷路器而言，63A抽屜模數為1/2或1/4，100A(125A)、160A、225A(250A)為1模數或1.5模數，400A為2模數或3模數，630A為2模數或3模數，當630A做成抽屜有困難時可改為固定插拔式安裝。

　　(6) Understand the structure of low-voltage withdrawable switchgear (drawer cabinet drawer installation total effective height ≤ 1800.00mm), as shown in the table below: Note: 1. For commonly used molded case circuit breakers, the 63A drawer module is 1/2 or 1/4100A (125A), 160A, 225A (250A) are 1 module or 1.5 module, 400A is 2 module or 3 module, 630A is 2 module or 3 module. When 630A is difficult to make drawers, it can be changed to fixed plug-in installation.

　　2、GCS、MNS有經濟型與標準型之分;GCK、GCS、MNS還可做成固定分隔式。

　　2. GCS and MNS are divided into economic and standard types; GCK, GCS, and MNS can also be made into fixed partitions.

　　3、抽屜柜單元抽屜有效安裝尺寸：　　160mm：160.00mm-41.00mm=119.00mm;　　200mm：200.00mm-41.00mm=159.00mm;　　220mm：220.00mm-41.00mm=179.00mm;　　240mm：240.00mm-41.00mm=199.00mm　　320mm：320.00mm-41.00mm=279.00mm　　400mm：400.00mm-41.00mm=359.00mm　　600mm：600.00mm-41.00mm=559.00mm

　　3. Effective installation size of drawer cabinet unit drawers: 160mm: 160.00mm -41.00mm=119.00mm; 200mm: 20.00mm-41.00mm=159.00mm; 220mm: 220.00mm-41.00mm=179.00mm; 240 mm：240.00mm-41.00mm=199.00mm　　320mm：320.00mm-41.00mm=279.00mm　　400mm：400.00mm-41.00mm=359.00mm　　600mm：600.00mm-41.00mm=559.00mm

　　4、GGD殼體電器元件有效安裝尺寸：　　600mm柜寬：600.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=480.00mm　　800mm柜寬：800.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=680.00mm　　1000mm柜寬：1000.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=880.00mm　　1200mm柜寬：1200.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=1080.00mm

　　4. Effective installation size of GGD shell electrical components: 600mm Cabinet width: 600.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=480.00mm Cabinet width: 800.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=680.00mm 1000mm Cabinet width: 1000.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=880.00mm 1200mm Cabinet width: 1200.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=1080.00mm

　　5、低壓柜母線的計算：

　　5. Calculation of low-voltage cabinet busbar:

　　變壓器上進線及聯絡柜三相主母排單拼大約16米(柜寬為800mm時)。當進線柜帶計量時，由于計量互感器及計量表計占用一定的空間致使刀開關及空氣開關安裝位置都要下移，故母線長度還應加長每相約0.6m;當母線長度大于6m時，母線之間需考慮搭接頭;當母線為雙拼或三拼時，還需考慮墊塊;當進出線電纜較多時應考慮橫排出線

　　The three-phase main busbar of the transformer's incoming line and connecting cabinet is assembled in a single unit for approximately 16 meters (when the cabinet width is 800mm). When the incoming cabinet is equipped with a measuring device, the installation positions of the knife switch and air switch need to be moved down due to the space occupied by the measuring transformer and the measuring meter. Therefore, the length of the busbar should be extended by about 0.6m. When the length of the busbar is greater than 6m, lap joints should be considered between the busbars; When the busbar is double or triple spliced, cushion blocks should also be considered; When there are many incoming and outgoing cables, horizontal outgoing lines should be considered

　　熟悉并掌握常用技術數據1、母排理論重量及載流量選用表

　　Familiar with and proficient in commonly used technical data 1. Selection table for theoretical weight and current carrying capacity of busbar

　　(1)接觸面搪錫或鍍錫。(2)環境溫度：銅母線為40℃，鋁母線為35℃，工作溫度為85℃。(3)周圍環境溫度不等于40℃的校正系數見下表

　　(1) Tin coating or tin plating on the contact surface. (2) Environmental temperature: Copper busbar is 40 ℃, aluminum busbar is 35 ℃, and the maximum working temperature is 85 ℃. (3) The correction factors for ambient temperatures not equal to 40 ℃ are shown in the table below

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